Zhengliang Shi (施政良)

Master (Actively looking for Phd position in 2026)
Institution of Computer Science & Engineering
Shandong University, China

Email: shizhl [at] mail.sdu.edu.cn; zhengliang.shii [at] gmail.com
Short Bio CV Transcript GitHub Google Scholar

Hello! My name is Zhengliang Shi. I am now a second-year Master student majoring in Computer Science and Technology from General Artificial Intelligence Lab of Shandong University. During my master period, I fortunate to be advised by Zhaochun Ren and Pengjie Ren. Previously, I was supervised by Dr. Shuo Zhang in Bloomberg. Besides, I am fortunate to closely work with Dr. Weiwei Sun in Carnegie Mellon University. I obtained my Bachelor's degree in Shandong University majoring in Computer Science and Technology (graduated in 2023) and my research advisor is Zhaochun Ren.

📖 I work broadly on natural language processing and information retrieval, with a particular emphasis on large language models (LLMs). I investigate the core limitations of LLMs—such as hallucinations—that cannot be overcome by scaling alone. To address these challenges, my previous studies pioneered Retrieval-Augmented LLMs (and Tool-augmented LLMs), a novel class of LLMs that can automatically use diverse external tools during inference. Below, I briefly list the main research I have done before.

I am Applying for PhD Positions in 2026 Now! I am actively applying for PhD positions (or research opportunities) in 2026 and am eager to explore opportunities in LLM-based agents, post-training of foundation models, and other related topics. Feel free to reach out if you are looking for a self-motivated student. I would be happy to discuss how my background aligns with your research or industry goals.

News

  • May 20, 2025
  • Our new paper named DRO (Direct retrieval-augmented optimization) has been released. Thank the co-authors from CMU, Baidu, UvA, Leiden university and UoB.
  • May 16, 2025
  • Two papers have been accepted by ACL 2025 🎉🎉🎉. See you guys in Vienna!
  • Feb. 27, 2025
  • I will visit Leiden University, Netherlands.
  • Feb. 20, 2025
  • Serve as the ARR Area Chair.
  • Oct. 1, 2024
  • One paper has been accepted by EMNLP 2024.

    Selected Publications

    * indicates equal contribution. For a full list of publications, please refer to my Google Scholar page.

    Iterative Self-Incentivization Empowers Large Language Models as Agentic Searchers

    Zhengliang Shi, Lingyong Yan, Dawei Yin, Suzan Verberne, Maarten de Rijke, Zhaochun Ren

    Arxiv
    Direct Retrieval-augmented Optimization: Synergizing Knowledge Selection and Language Models

    Zhengliang Shi, Lingyong Yan, Weiwei Sun, Yue Feng, Pengjie Ren, Xinyu Ma, Shuaiqiang Wang, Dawei Yin, Maarten de Rijke, Zhaochun Ren

    Arxiv
    🔍 Retrieval Models Aren’t Tool-Savvy: Benchmarking Tool Retrieval for Large Language Models

    Zhengliang Shi, Yuhan Wang, Lingyong Yan, Pengjie Ren, Shuaiqiang Wang, Dawei Yin, Zhaochun Ren

    ACL 2025
    Tool Learning in the Wild: Empowering Language Models as Automatic Tool Agents

    Zhengliang Shi, Shen Gao, Lingyong Yan, Yue Feng, Xiuyi Chen, Zhumin Chen, Dawei Yin, Suzan Verberne, Zhaochun Ren

    WWW 2025
    Generate-then-Ground in Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Multi-hop Question Answering

    Zhengliang Shi, Shuo Zhang, Weiwei Sun, Shen Gao, Pengjie Ren, Zhumin Chen, Zhaochun Ren

    ACL 2024
    Learning to Use Tools via Cooperative and Interactive Agents

    Zhengliang Shi, Shen Gao, Xiuyi Chen, Yue Feng, Lingyong Yan, Haibo Shi, Dawei Yin, Pengjie Ren, Suzan Verberne, Zhaochun Ren

    EMNLP 2023
    Confucius: Iterative Tool Learning from Introspection Feedback by Easy-to-Difficult Curriculum

    Zhengliang Shi*, Shen Gao*, Minghang Zhu, Bowen Fang, Xin Xin, Pengjie Ren, Zhumin Chen, Jun Ma

    AAAI 2024
    Contrastive Learning Reduces Hallucination in Conversations

    Weiwei Sun, Zhengliang Shi, Shen Gao, Pengjie Ren, Maarten de Rijke, Zhaochun Ren

    AAAI 2023

    📌 Services

    • 2025 Area Chair for ACL Rolling Review; Program Committee for AAAI, SIGIR, SIGIR-AP, WSDM, and TheWebConf (WWW); Reviewer for IPM (CCF-B journal), ECIR, TKDD (ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data), TORS (ACM Transactions on Recommender Systems)
    • 2024 Reviewer for IJCAL, AAAI, ACL, EMNLP, NAACL, IPM

    💻 Experience

    • 2025.3 - 2025.4, Visiting scholar, Leiden University , Leiden, Netherlands. Supervised by Suzan Verberne and Zhaochun Ren.
    • 2023.5 - 2025.3, Researcher, Baidu, Search Science Team , Beijing, China. Supervised by Dawei Yin and Lingyong Yan.
    • 2021.9 - 2023.5, Research Assistant, Shandong University IRlab , Qingdao, China.